Through time the article makes mention the importance of images and how they have been powerful to criticize political administrations, through the use pamphleting. Through time even from the Renaissance through the use of placards were hung on public statues but the Gutenberg was truly the invention that drastically impacted in way that prints were accesible and the spread of new ideas and most importantly they recorded horros of war and unfair treatment.
By the mid-1500s political prints were available, sold by rowing street sellers. The main themes was the opposition to the church in Rome and nobility.
Even though printed media, very powerful tool as seen by Jacques Callot, his prints entitledThe Miseries of War, which depicted the mass, hangings, sackings and brutalities this is inspired the peasants to take action and rebel against the aristocracy.
1700s: political graphics now were charged with influencing and expressing public opinion. William Hogarth a pioneer in this type of criticism he establish the tradition of caricature in England.
-1796: The invention of the lithograph by Aloys Snefelder in Germany, to increase the number of copies produced.
-Napoleon was the first international figure in caricature.
-1830: Britain's golden era of graphic satire was over, for public taste had grown more conservative and the attention was shifted to France, newspapers were fighting censorship.
-French satire and caricature steer away from officials in government and instead targeted society.
-Mid 1800's: improvements in printing press design meant that mass circulation illustrated newspapers were possible. Cartoons appeared in newspapers and magazines, which were considered important vehicles for political debate and discussion.
-Jose Posada, Mexican artist and printmaker, his work dealt with politics and social satire. He is well known for his dancing skeletons.
-During Constructivism collaborated projects among various artist of various fields and writers, architects, etc.
-ROSTA, Russian Telegraph Agency, used a system of numbered posters to spread the news and propaganda to an illiterate population.
POSTER: the most , highly persuasive commercial advertising tool, popular art form.Women's suffrage was the first to borrow commercial advertising techniques
Popular symbols (Uncle Sam & Staute of Liberty), images of women were often used to supply sex appeal and glamour, and realistic representations of ordinary people were used as well.
-During the Nazi regime designers had to fleet as well in other communist regimes that were seen as a threat do to their images and the posters that were created to reflect the unfairness of the government.
-Photography , was an emerging medium that began having dominance and the juxtaposed and montaged. This stye made a new form of modern political poster.
-Hitler's design from theThird Reich was one of the most powerful and threatening national identities the world has ever experienced. This media influenced greatly and imposed gothic black-letter typefaces.
"Visualizing A Revolution: Emory Douglas and the Black Panther Newspaper"
Emory Douglas a young Black Panther that understood the emerging visual media culture that was discussed in the previous article. Cleaver and Newton members of the Black panthers as well, wanted to graphically show the party's work assisting people in communities and prepare oppressed people for violent revolution.
Emory Douglas committed himself in maintaining the organization's visual identity.He was the most recognized and persistent graphic agitator. he understood the power of images in communicating ideas. Collaged and re-collaged drawings and photographs, performing graphic tricks with less budget and little time. His images served two purposes: first, illustrating conditions that made revolution seem necessary and second empowered the victims that were suffering the brutality from police. In his images is evident that he keeps the dignity of poor people and he graphically illustrates the harsh situations. He reflected the policeman and people in powers as pigs. He used the arts of semiotics before the theory was developed.
Clearly, the Black Panthers are an example that reflects the commotion, attention, and power of printed media for a cause.
Design of Dissent, Interview with Milton Glazer
"Art can't change anything except people-but art changes people, and people can make everything change."
Dissent vs. Fairness
As Glaser mentions people through time have disagree with government. This dissent has been manifested in response to a sense of oppression that is experienced. Dissenta view that opposes an argument perhaps a common belief or expression.
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