As described in the reading they are 4 elements of sense of community:
1. Membership which has 5 attributes:
1. Boundaries: language, dress and ritual and outsiders or deviants may be held in lower regard, denounced or punished. 2. emotional safety: security, the willingness to reveal how one feels. 3.A sense of belonging and identification, 4. personal investment and a 5.common symbol system: essential in order to understand the community. Groups use symbols such as rituals, rites of passage, forms of speech and dress in order to indicate boundaries and who is not a member.
2. Influence:
In a community is bidirectional: members of a group must feel empowered to have influence over the what group does otherwise they wouldn't participate.
3. integration & fulfillment of needs
Needs are other more than survival needs but they also covered desired and valued.
4. shared emotional connection
-contact hypothesis: greater personal interaction, will become close.
-quality of interaction
-closure to events
-shared valent event hypothesis
-investment: the active role of the a member of a community, and the energy spent the community and therefore becomes more valuable.
-effect of honor and humiliation
-spiritual bond: concept of "soul"
These part was truly interesting is the summarization of the interaction of the communities through 2 formulas. The dynamics of the community, is interesting viewing this perspective that the author brings up to have a better understanding of any community:
Formula 1: shared emotional connection= contact + high-quality interaction
Formula 2: High-quality interaction = (events with successful closure - ambiguity) x (event valence x sharedness of the event) + amount of honor given to members - amount of humiliation.
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